Auxiliary fuel supplier



Sept. 9, 1924. 1,501,950

S. E. BLIZZARD AUXILIARY FUEL SUPPLIER Filed March 20, 1923 Fl (3 I 33IE 2 as 'a '5 E'EmIZZ/ARB,

Patented Sept. 9, 1924.

UNITED STATES- I 1,507,950 PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL EARL BLIZZABD, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

AUXILIARY FUEL SUPPLIER.

Application filed larch 20, 1923. Serial 170. 826,883

tion of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates generally to fuel supplying means forinternal combustlonengines, and the invention aims to provide novel andimproved means for supplying the crank casing vapors, steam or watervapor and heated air to the carbureter, in order to provide for economyin fuel consumption and to increase the efliciency of the engine.

Another object of the invention is the utilization of the crank casingvaporsas fuel for the engine, to reduce the proportlon of gasoline orprimary fuel required, and means being provided for heating such vaporand for mixing heated air therewith to facilitate combustion.

A further object is the provision of novel means for mixing the vaporsand air.

A still further object is the provision of such a device havingprovision for the mixture of steam or water vapor, such as supplied fromthe radiator or water cool ng stem, with the crank casing vapors, for izi ie mixture of the crank casing and water vapprs with the air on theirway to the englne. 4

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will be apparent asthe descri tion proceeds, the invention resides in t e construction andarrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed, it beingunderstoodthat changes can be made within the scope of what is claimed,without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein aFigure 1 is a side elevation of the device as applied to an automobileengine.

Flgs. 2, 3 and 4 are enlarged sections on the respective lines 2 -2, 3-3and 4-4 of Fig. 1. I

In carrying out the invention, there is provided a tubular extension 7for the 'breather pipe 8 of the crank casing 9 of the engine, the lowerend of the extension '7 being adapted to slip telescopically into thebreather pipe, and the breather pipe cap 10 being applied to the upperend of the extenslon 7. Oil can be poured down through the extension 7,when the cap 10 is removed therefrom, to pass on down throughtheextension 7 and pipe 8 into the crank casing. The extension 7 has aninclined branch 11 between its ends in which is fitted one end of. aflexible conduit 12 which has its other end connected. to the air andvapor mixer 13. Another'flexible conduit 14 has one end connected 'tothe mixer 13, and is provided at its other end with a curved nozzle 15which has the discharge end thereof inserted 1n. the air inlet port ofthe carbureter 16 from which the carbureted air flows through the intakemanifold 17 to the combustion chambers of the engine. The vapors in thecrank casing 9 can thus flow throu h the breather pipe 8, extension 7and its ranch 11, conduit 12, mixer 13, and conduit 14 to the carbureter16, whereby the vapors from the crank casing can be utilized as fuel.This is for the purpose of economizing in the consumption of gasoline orprimary fuel, the proportion of which can be diminished, depending onthe richness of the crank casing vapors. "The vapors in the crank casingresult from several causes. Thus, a certain amount of gasoline or fuelescapes past the iston rings on the compression strokes o the pistons,depending in volume on the tightness of the piston rings, and the fuelwhich thus escapes from the combustion chambers into the crank casing isusually wasted. There is also an oil vapor produced by the heating ofthe lubricating oil in the crank case, due to the contact of thelubricating oil with the heated cylinders, pistons, and other parts. Theoil va or together with the gaseous fuel which leaks from the combustionchambers into the crank casing constitute the socalled crank casinggases or vapors, which are utilized, by being drawn through thepassage-way aifordedby the present device to pass with the air andgasoline or primary fuel to the combustionchambers.

The air and vapor mixer 13 includes a tubular body 18 receiving at itsop osite ends the adjacent ends of the condults 12 and 14, and said body18 and adjacent portions of the conduits are di osed adjacent to theexhaust manifold 19 0 one side thereof, whereby such parts are the engne, at

heated from the exhaust manifold to superheat the vapors flowing throughthe passageway. The body 18 is provided at that side which confronts theexhaust manifold with an air inlet opening or port 20, whereby air canpass from the atmosphere into the body 18, the air being heated inpassing the exhaust manifold when entering the port or inlet 20.

The suction of air through the port 20 and body 18 into the conduit 14is used for drawing the vapors through the conduit 12 to mix with theair. For this purpose a tapered aspiration nozzle 21 is provided in thebody 18 with its larger end in communication and registration with theconduit 12 for the flow of the vapors from said conduit through thenozzle 21. The smaller end of the nozzle projects toward the conduit 14,with the nozzle extending longitudinally across 'the air inlet port oropening 20, whereby the air which enters the body 18 flows around andpast the smaller discharge end of the nozzle 21 in the direction inwhich said nozzle projects, so that the air flowing past the dischargeend of the nozzle will create a suction in the nozzle which will drawthe vapors through the conduit 12. The vapors discharging from thenozzle 21 will mix with the heated air and the mixture flows through theconduit 14 to the carbureter 16.

A'shield 22 is secured to the top of the body 18 and extends over theexhaust manifold 19 to the cylinder head, and is provided at its ends,beyond the inlet port 20, with the downturned flanges 23, therebycompelling the air which flows through the port 20 to pass closelyadjacent to the exhaust manifold so as to be heated in entering the body18 of the mixer.

The mixer 13 is supported in any suitable manner. As shown, supportingbars 24 are secured at their upper ends to the body 18, and their lowerends are held by the clamps 25 which secure the manifolds 17 and 19 tothe cylinder casting.

In order to supply steam or water vapor a tube 26 has one end extendinginto the branch 11 of the breather pipe extension 7, and its other endis connected by a T-coupling 27 with the lower end of the overflow pipeor tube 28 of the radiator 29 of the water cooling system. Thus, thesteam and water vapor discharging through the tube 28 can be drawnthrough the tube 26 into the conduit 12 to mix with the crank casingvapors on their way to the mixer 13.

In operation, the air is drawn by suction through the carbureter 16 andintake manifold 17, as usual, and is compelled to flow by way of themixer 13 and conduit 14, so that the air is preheated in passing intothe conduit 14. The air suction will draw the vapors through the conduit12 to mix with the air, and the crank casing and water vapors will mixin entering the conduit 12 and will also be heated in passing throughthe conduit 12 and nozzle 21, whereby the mixture of the crank casingand water vapors will then mix with the heated air, to supply a mixtureof crank casing vapors, steam or water vapor and air to the carbureter16. The gasoline or primary fuel is mixed with such mixture to enrichensame, but the proportion of gasoline or primary fuel required isreduced, because of the utilization of the crank casing vapors. Theamount of reduction of the gasoline or primary fuelrequired will dependon the rickness of the crankcasing vapors, and the saving in primaryfuel is highest with considerable leakage from the combustion chamberspast the pistons, and with a lightlubricating oil that vaporizes easily.The air and vapors which are supplied to the carbureter are superheatedbefore reaching the carbureter, thereby facilitating the vaporization ofthe gasoline or primary fuel and rendering the combustion more thorough.The presence of water vapor in the mixture has a beneficial effect inreducing the deposit of carbon in the combustion chambers.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. In adevice of the character described,

a conduit to communicate with an enginecrank casing to receive vaporstherefrom, a second conduit to communicate with the intake of theengine, and a mixer between and connecting said conduits and havin anair inlet port and an aspirator nozz e communicating with the firstnamedconduit and extending across said port toward the second conduit.

2. A device of thecharacter described comprising a conduit tocommunicate with an engine crank casing to receive vapors therefrom, asecond conduit to communicate with the carbureter of the engine for theflow of air by suction through said conduit, and a mixer including atubular body disposed between and connecting said conduits and having anair inlet port at one side and an aspirator nozzle communicating withthe firstnamed conduit and extending across said port toward the secondconduit' 1 3. A device of the character described comprising a conduitto communicate with an engine crank casing to receive vapors therefrom,a second conduit to communicate with the carbureter of the engine forthe flow of air by suction through said conduit, and a mixer including atubular body disposed between and connecting said conduits and having anair inlet port at one side and a tapered aspirator nozzle having itslarger end secured in said body in registration with the firstnamedconduit, said nozzle extendv to receive the breather pipe cap, sai

ing across said rt with smaller end projectin towar the second conduit.

4. A evice of the character described compr' a tubular extension to fitthe breather plpe of an engine crank casin and extension having abranch-between its ends; a conduit connected to said branch, a secondconduit to communicate with the carbureter of the engine for the flow ofair by suction through said conduit, a mixer connecting said conduitshaving an air inlet ort and means for drawing va ors thro h Ehefirstnamed conduit to mix with the 5r, and a water vapor supplying tubehaving a 15 discharge end projectmg into said branch.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this s i'fication in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL EARL BLIZ ZARD.

Witnesses:

' Wu. HAMILTON Mum,

Knm Bmron Himm'

